Bitcoin ICO Review

Ripple's XRP has lost almost 40% of its value after the token price dropped from $0.51 on December 21 to $0.31 at the time of writing. The token's plunge appears to be the result of legal proceedings initiated against Ripple by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). At the time of writing, the fourth-ranked crypto token had seen traded volumes of $4.85 billion recorded in 24 hours.

$1.3 Billion Lawsuit
As data on markets.Bitcoin.com suggests, the sell-off of the XRP token appears to have been sparked by Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse's warning that the SEC was about to launch legal proceedings against the company. A day later, the SEC announced the $1.3 billion legal action against Ripple and two of its executives for allegedly conducting an unregistered security offering.

Meanwhile, as the XRP token continues to plummet, an angry Garlinghouse has accused the US regulator of being biased against Ripple while appearing to give a free pass to BTC and ETH. In its determination, the SEC says the XRP is a security and therefore is subject to the dictates of the US Securities Act. Garlinghouse, who has previously threatened to exit the United States due to its regulatory approach, rejects the characterization of XRP as a security.

In his many very public attempts to push back against the SEC, Garlinghouse says the XRP token is a fully functional currency that offers a better alternative. He adds that alongside bitcoin and ether, "the two Chinese controlled virtual currencies" according to the company, XRP ranks as one of the most capitalized cryptos.

Crypto Community Reacts
However, the latter comment appears to have prompted a swift response by some bitcoiners and the ETH creator Vitalik Buterin. In his tweet, Buterin accuses Garlinghouse and his team of "sinking to new levels of strangeness." The ETH creator adds:
They're claiming that their shitcoin should not be called a security for *public policy reasons*, namely because Bitcoin and Ethereum are 'Chinese-controlled.'

Also weighing in on the controversy is Mike Novogratz, the CEO of Galaxy who says he "finds it strange that Clayton waited years to do this."

On the other hand, Ryan Selkis thinks the SEC is going to lose this case because it is "outclassed on legal." He adds that the classification of XRP as a security "further hurts the U.S. businesses while global companies will continue to make these markets."

Meanwhile, at the time of writing reports emerged that the Hong Kong trading platform OSL had suspended XRP services as a result of the SEC lawsuit.

It is likely that the recent SolarWinds hack will become known as the worst cybersecurity breach in United States history—affecting the most sensitive government networks and critical U.S. infrastructure, including top agencies and thousands of the biggest international brands.

Yes, you read that correctly.

Since at least March 2020, an unknown hacking entity had gained access through an unsecured update server of a monitoring and management software made by SolarWinds called Orion IT. This allowed the attackers to gain access to any of the SolarWinds clients connected through the popular monitoring tool—including the National Nuclear Security Administration, which maintains the U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile.

Believe it or not, it is a familiar story, one that is all too common during this tumultuous past year of pandemic lockdowns and our heavy reliance of the internet. A year that has introduced new vernacular into our vocabulary such as zoom bombings, spearfishing and clickjacking.

Year-over-year, cybersecurity budgets and spending continue to increase for both the private and public sectors. According to Gartner, Information security spending is expected to grow 2.4% to reach $123.8 billion in 2020.

Technology manufacturers and service providers have also responded with new security-featured hardware and software offerings—yet these "upgrades" do not seem too capable to impede the frequency or success of the cyber-attacks.

The truth is that 90% of all cyber-attacks are the result of human error—whether it is visiting the wrong website, trusting the wrong email, using weak authentication, ignoring updates, misconfigurations, and patches. When someone gains unauthorized access to a network, it is typically through a human-made mistake.

But can the human element of data-security be mitigated to help prevent mistakes and outside interference from occurring in the future?

Enter blockchain

Up until early 2020, the "blockchain as a solution" answer to many of today's data challenges had been an unrealized promise. Issues with scalability, misunderstandings about privacy, high transaction fees, lack of interoperability and an ever-changing ruleset by tinkering blockchain developers who are prone to disagree about how to overcome the challenges has prevented any significant adoption or global standardized protocol.

On a broad development level, there have been many great ideas on how to solve today's cybersecurity flaws with blockchain, including focused efforts on mitigating the human element and reliance on centralized third-part certificate authorities.

Some of these efforts utilizing blockchain technology for cybersecurity solutions include:

Secure Private Messaging
Improved IoT and Edge Device Security
Boosting or even replacing current PKI
Reducing DDoS attacks
Decentralized and Encrypted Storage
Provenance of Software
Verification of Cyber-Physical Infrastructures
Data Transmission
Unfortunately, all of these semi-matured efforts are currently left without any real ability to scale and meet the demands and needs of today's enterprise cybersecurity applications—they are just too expensive and inefficient to implement due to the blockchains they have been built on.

The good news is that recent innovative scaling breakthroughs in the original Bitcoin protocol is making these solutions possible today!

In February of 2020, the Bitcoin SV (BSV) blockchain activated the Genesis update which ushered in the return to the original, limitless, unbounded Bitcoin Satoshi Vision.

It is now entirely possible to take on these cybersecurity challenges with the BSV blockchain.

Back to SolarWinds

As I previously mentioned, SolarWinds used a compromised open-source library that allowed hackers to imprint and access "God-View" privileges into any of the client networks that downloaded the standard security update of Orion monitoring software.

As unsuspecting customers installed the update and malicious payload, their network opened the door to further undetected compromise and unauthorized surveillance—for months. The damage may not have stopped there, any other unsecured outside networks that an infected company was connected to such as vendors or partners could also possibly be compromised.

Worse yet, further malicious time-based payloads could have been deployed and be dormant in all of these infected systems—even after a thorough "clean up."

The total cost and consequences of this specific hack is completely unknown and to be quite honest, unfathomable—but it will certainly be considered the most expensive cyber-incident in global history.

As Ark approachs the launch of MarketSquare, we want to give our community an inside look at some of the partnerships we have formed. These strategic partnerships will not only help make MarketSquare the new homepage for the decentralized web but will also create inroads between ARK and other projects looking to build and collaborate together. Today we would like to introduce you to Magic.Link!

What is Magic?
Magic is a developer SDK that can be integrated into applications to enable passwordless authentication using magic links - similar to systems used by Slack and Medium.

Once a developer integrates Magic into their application a user is able to sign up or log in by doing the following:

A user requests a magic link be sent to their email address.
The user clicks on the magic link
The user is securely logged into the application.
#Saying Goodbye to Passwords
You may have noticed that this process occurs without the need for signing in or registering with a password. The benefits of passwordless authentication in modern applications and services are becoming more apparent. Let's go over a few of them below:

Increased Security: Passwords are becoming obsolete. The resources required to manage user credentials and passwords are increasing. It is estimated that 81% of security breaches are due to poor passwords set by users. The problem is further complicated due to the fact that 59% of users reuse their passwords everywhere. By using Magic, password leaks can be prevented which reduces risk and liability for companies using passwordless authentication.

Less Overhead: Statistics show that nearly 50% of all support tickets are related to lost and forgotten passwords. The estimated cost for handling 10 support tickets a day is $128,000 annually. Magic takes a different approach. Magic leverages blockchain-based, standardized public-private key cryptography to achieve identity management. When a new user signs up for an application or service, a public-private key pair is generated for them. Private keys are used to sign cryptographic proofs of a user's identity.

Boost Conversion: By removing passwords, Magic creates a better user experience. The number of steps necessary to login and signup for a new platform or application is reduced by over 66%. This amounts to better conversion rates and happier users.

Magic & MarketSquare
One of the main goals of MarketSquare is to be an industry leader in providing educational and informative content centered around blockchain. By working closely together with Magic we have an opportunity to explore integrating their robust SDK, create content around decentralized identification management, and more.

Other areas of collaboration include:
Creating MarketSquare content centered around Magic.
Explore integrating Magic's SDK for ARK's products.
Exploring other areas where working together would make sense and be beneficial for both projects.
As we expand the number of developer tools that we are featuring on MarketSquare, we believe that Magic is a great fit and are looking forward to having them as a partner.

The Waves Association announced on Wednesday a new grant program for cross-chain interoperability development.

The pool consists of 1 million Waves tokens, worth approximately $3 million as of press time. Projects will be eligible for grants of up to 300,000 Waves to develop solutions for interoperability and cross-chain communication.

There will be three separate types of grants: open grants, grants distributed through hackathons and Waves-focused grants. Sten Laureyssens, strategic advisor at the Waves Association, explained to Cointelegraph that open grants will have a wide scope:

"For the open grant category, the grants are open to a wide variety of interoperability projects, that don't necessarily have to be connected to Waves. We're looking for creative solutions to connect existing blockchains and dApps."
The latter two types of grants will have to adhere to certain requirements, which makes it likely that the Waves blockchain will be involved in some form. Nevertheless, Laureyssens said that the association is planning to sponsor blockchain-agnostic solutions as well.

Sasha Ivanov, president of the Waves Association, threw a subtle jab at certain types of interoperability solutions offered today:

"Waves Association aims to support independent developers working on interoperability solutions — especially those thinking outside the box. Solving interoperability by adding a dedicated blockchain and native token as an additional layer would only lead to more complexity, undercutting the potential of the proposed solution."
Grants will be stipulated and decided on by members of the Waves Association, though the disbursement of funds will be automated through a decentralized application.

Waves is a smart contract-enabled blockchain platform competing with the likes of Ethereum and EOS. Its developers have often criticized the mainstream approaches to certain tenets of blockchain technology, notably misleading claims of transactional capacity.

The Waves blockchain was recently used with apparent success in a Russian local election, following a disappointing performance by a similar system developed by BitFury.

Joint work will be focused on developing a broader DeFi ecosystem using the Gravity cross-chain communication protocol.
We are excited to announce a collaboration between Waves and Fantom. Waves and Fantom are committed to building an open ecosystem between different chains, based on the Gravity protocol, which is essential to the DeFi industry's wider success.

Under the collaboration deal, WAVES, the native utility token of the Waves ecosystem, will join Fantom's DeFi ecosystem as collateral for minting synthetic assets, including fUSD, Fantom's stablecoin pegged to the US dollar.
WAVES holders will be able to use fMint to access fUSD and other synthetic assets, which can be used with other Fantom DeFi products. Specifically, fLend allows users to lend and borrow assets, while fTrade allows users to trade them.

For instance, If you want to go long BTC (without losing exposure to your WAVES collateral), mint fUSD against your WAVES in fMint and use the fUSD to buy fBTC (synthetic BTC) in fTrade. Sell the fBTC for fUSD later to repay the minted debt. Once you've repaid any outstanding minted debt, you can unlock your collateral to withdraw.

About Gravity
Gravity is a decentralized cross-chain and oracle network based on a truly blockchain-agnostic protocol for communication between blockchains and with the outside world, working with the native token economies.
Gravity provides multi-purpose cross-chain interaction without introducing a native token. The true blockchain agnostic no-token approach creates a more inclusive, open ecosystem, while addressing future scaling/stability issues.

About Fantom
The Fantom Foundation is committed to building technology that is open-source, decentralized, DAG-based distributed ledgers with aBFT consensus. Fantom aims to create fast, secure and scalable technologies across various industries, allowing organizations, businesses, and individuals to develop decentralized and secure applications, solving real-world problems.